Saturday, April 11, 2020
Friday, April 10, 2020
NEET chapter-wise weightage for Biology
Name of the chapter
|
Number of questions asked (Approx.)
|
Weightage in percentile
|
Anatomy of Flowering Plants
|
0-1
|
2
|
Animal Kingdom
|
2
|
7
|
Biodiversity and Conservation
|
1
|
3
|
Biological Classification
|
0-1
|
2
|
Biomolecules
|
1
|
4
|
Biotechnology and its Applications
|
1
|
3
|
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
|
1
|
3
|
Body Fluids and Circulation
|
0-1
|
1
|
Breathing and Exchange of Gases
|
0-1
|
2
|
Cell Cycle and Cell Division
|
0-1
|
2
|
Cell: The Unit of Life, Biomolecules
|
0-1
|
2
|
Chemical Coordination and Integration
|
1
|
4
|
Digestion and Absorption
|
1
|
3
|
Ecosystem
|
0-1
|
2
|
Environmental Issues
|
0-1
|
2
|
Evolution
|
0-1
|
2
|
Excretory Products and their Elimination
|
0-1
|
2
|
Human Health and Disease
|
1
|
3
|
Human Reproduction
|
1
|
3
|
Locomotion and Movement
|
0-1
|
2
|
Microbes in Human Welfare
|
0-1
|
2
|
Mineral Nutrition
|
0-1
|
1
|
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
|
2
|
6
|
Morphology of Flowering Plants
|
1
|
5
|
Neural Control and Coordination
|
0-1
|
2
|
Organisms and Populations
|
0-1
|
2
|
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
|
0-1
|
2
|
Plant Growth and Development
|
0-1
|
1
|
Plant Kingdom
|
1
|
4
|
Principles and Inheritance and Variation
|
1
|
5
|
Reproduction in Organisms
|
0-1
|
1
|
Reproductive Health
|
0-1
|
2
|
Respiration in Plants
|
0-1
|
1
|
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
|
1
|
5
|
Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
|
0-1
|
2
|
Structural Organisation in Animals
|
0-1
|
2
|
The Living World
|
0-1
|
2
|
Transport in Plants
|
0-1
|
1
|
Total
|
90
|
100
|
NEET UG ENTRANCE SYLLABUS BIOLOGY
NEET Syllabus 2020 for Biology
Class XI
Diversity in Living World
Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
Cell Structure and Function
Plant Physiology
Human physiology
Class XII
Reproduction
Genetics and Evolution
Biology and Human Welfare
Biotechnology and Its Applications
Ecology and environment
BIOLOGY: CONTENTS OF CLASS XI SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Diversity in Living World
• What is living? ; Biodiversity; Need for
classification; Three domains of life; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of
species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature; Tools for study of
Taxonomy – Museums, Zoos, Herbaria, Botanical gardens.
• Five kingdom classification; salient features and
classification of Monera; Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens; Viruses
and Viroids.
• Salient features and classification of plants into
major groups-Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
(three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of
each category); Angiosperms classification up to class, characteristic features
and examples).
• Salient features and classification of
animals-nonchordate up to phyla level and chordate up to classes level (three
to five salient features and at least two examples).
UNIT II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
• Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and
functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf,
inflorescence- cymose and recemose, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along
with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus).
• Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of
different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and
reproductive) of an insect (cockroach). (Brief account only)
UNIT III: Cell Structure and Function
• Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life;
Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell
envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles-structure and function;
Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles;
mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella,
centrioles (ultra structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin,
nucleolus.
• Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure
and function of proteins, carbodydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types,
properties, enzyme action.
• B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their
significance.
UNIT IV: Plant Physiology
• Transport in plants: Movement of water, gases and
nutrients; Cell to cell transport-Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active
transport; Plant – water relations – Imbibition, water potential, osmosis,
plasmolysis; Long distance transport of water – Absorption, apoplast, symplast,
transpiration pull, root pressure and guttation; Transpiration-Opening and
closing of stomata; Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of
food, phloem transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief
mention).
• Mineral nutrition: Essential minerals, macro and
micronutrients and their role; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity;
Elementary idea of Hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition; Nitrogen
metabolism-Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation.
• Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of
Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis take place; pigments involved in
Photosynthesis (Elementary idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of
photosynthesis; Cyclic and non cyclic and photophosphorylation;
Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting
photosynthesis.
• Respiration: Exchange gases; Cellular
respiration-glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron
transport system (aerobic); Energy relations- Number of ATP molecules
generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient.
• Plant growth and development: Seed germination; Phases
of Plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation,
dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a
plant cell; Growth regulators-auxin,gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; Seed
dormancy; Vernalisation; Photoperiodism.
UNIT V: Human Physiology
• Digestion and absorption; Alimentary canal and
digestive glands; Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones;
Peristalsis, digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates
and fats; Caloric value of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Egestion;
Nutritional and digestive disorders – PEM, indigestion, constipation, vomiting,
jaundice, diarrhea.
• Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in
animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and
its regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation
of respiration Respiratory volumes; Disorders related to respiration-Asthma,
Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders.
• Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood,
blood groups, coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function;
Human circulatory system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac
cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac activity;
Disorders of circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina
pectoris, Heart failure.
• Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of
excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory
system-structure and fuction; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of
kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes
insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal
failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney.
• Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary,
fiagellar, muscular; Skeletal muscle- contractile proteins and muscle
contraction; Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant
practical of Practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal
system-Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis,
Gout.
• Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves;
Nervous system in humanscentral nervous system, peripheral nervous system and
visceral nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; Reflex
action; Sense organs; Elementary structure and function of eye and ear.
• Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands
and hormones; Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid,
Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary
Idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity
and related disorders (Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism,
goiter, exopthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease).
(Imp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt
in brief.)
BIOLOGY: CONTENTS OF CLASS XII SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Reproduction
• Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a
characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; Modes of
reproduction – Asexual and sexual; Asexual reproduction; Modes-Binary fission,
sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.
• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower
structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types,
agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double
fertilization; Post fertilization events- Development of endosperm and embryo,
Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes-apomixis,
parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.
• Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive
systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis
& oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto
blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation
(Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea).
• Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and
prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and
Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP);
Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT,
GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).
UNIT II: Genetics and Evolution
• Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance;
Deviations from Mendelism- Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles
and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic
inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In
humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked
inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in
humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s
and Klinefelter’s syndromes.
• Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic
material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging;
DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene
expression and regulation- Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA
finger printing.
• Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and
evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy,
embryology and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory
of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution-Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and
Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and
genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution.
UNIT III: Biology and Human Welfare
• Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human
diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold,
amoebiasis, ring worm); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and
AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse.
• Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue
culture, single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal
husbandry.
• Microbes in human welfare: In household food
processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as
biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.
UNIT IV: Biotechnology and Its Applications
• Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic
engineering (Recombinant DNA technology).
• Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture:
Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified
organisms-Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues-Biopiracy and patents.
UNIT V: Ecology and environment
• Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche;
Population and ecological adaptations; Population interactions-mutualism,
competition, predation, parasitism; Population attributes-growth, birth rate
and death rate, age distribution.
• Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and
decomposition; Energy flow; Pyramids of number, biomass, energy; Nutrient
cycling (carbon and phosphorous); Ecological succession; Ecological
Services-Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release.
• Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of
Biodiversity; Patterns of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of
Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms,
extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries.
• Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control;
Water pollution and its control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste
management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warning;
Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as success stories
addressing environmental issues.
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